NH3/CO2 Cascade Refrigeration System
1. NH3/CO2: The Principle of the Cascade Refrigeration System
The NH3/CO2 cascade refrigeration system is ingeniously divided into two distinct stages: a high temperature stage and a low temperature stage. In the high-temperature stage, NH3 serves as the refrigerant, while in the low-temperature stage, CO2 takes the lead. The evaporating NH3 in the high-temperature system efficiently condenses the CO2 gas released from the low-temperature system. A condensation evaporator marvelously bridges the two stages, acting as both the condenser for the low-temperature level and the evaporator for the high-temperature level.
The heat load is transferred to the CO2 refrigerant via the end evaporator. This heat, absorbed by the CO2 refrigerant, is then transferred to the high-temperature NH3 refrigerant through the condensing evaporator. The high-temperature NH3 refrigerant subsequently transfers the heat to the high-temperature condenser, where it is released into the environment through a cooling medium. The condensed CO2 in the condensing evaporator proceeds to the CO2 reservoir before making its way to the CO2 gas-liquid separator through a dryer filter and throttle valve. The liquid CO2 is channeled to the CO2 evaporator by the CO2 circulation pump (without an end cooling device, like a single freezer or chiller). Post-evaporation, the two-phase CO2 returns to the gas-liquid separator, while the gaseous CO2 is drawn by the compressor and compressed into the condensing evaporator. This seamless cycle repeats to complete the sophisticated cascade refrigeration process.
In the NH3/CO2 cascade refrigeration system, the high and low temperature levels function as individual refrigeration systems, each utilizing a single refrigerant. The equipment is organized into two segments: the high-temperature NH3 system, similar to traditional refrigeration systems, includes a refrigeration compressor, condenser, liquid storage, gas-liquid separator, and throttling device. The low-temperature CO2 system is comprised of a CO2 compressor, condensing evaporator, reservoir, gas-liquid separator, filter dryer, pump, throttling device, evaporator, and expansion vessel.
The The CO2 gas-liquid separator is designed to meticulously segregate droplets of CO2 gas from the evaporator in the CO2 compression refrigeration system. This prevents the compressor from experiencing a wet stroke, maintains a stable liquid level during pump operation, and stores end equipment and pipeline liquid return when the pump is dormant. When functioning as a CO2 reservoir during inactivity, its volume should accommodate all system CO2 liquid. Additionally, an auxiliary evaporator on top of the gas-liquid separator effectively prevents excessive CO2 pressure post-shutdown. In the NH3/CO2 cascade system, the condensing evaporator simultaneously acts as the NH3 side evaporator and the CO2 side condenser, with compound liquid evaporating and absorbing heat within the tube, and carbon dioxide gas condensing into liquid within the shell.
2. Advantages of the NH3/CO2 Cascade Refrigeration System
(1) Reduced NH3 Unsafe Factors:
(1.(1)) The NH3/CO2 cascade system significantly reduces the condensing pressure of the NH3 refrigerant, approximately 1/10 of the traditional ammonia system charge;
(1.(2)) NH3 is confined to the machine and equipment rooms, akin to a 'tiger' in a 'cage', under the vigilant watch of skilled technicians;
(1.(3)) Optimal utilization of NH3’s excellent heat transfer properties in high-temperature regions to effectively cool CO2.
(2) CO2, as a medium, enters personnel-intensive operational areas (such as single-freezing machines) and warehouses, ensuring the safety of both personnel and property.
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| Compressor type |
Piston, screw |
| Condensor |
enough condenser heat exchanger surface |
| Fan type |
Axial fan:High degree of protection, large Air flow, low noise |
| Unit kinds |
Open type, box type, side discharge type |
| Cooled type |
Air cooled |
| Refrigeration type |
R717;R507;R22;CO2 |
| Copper tube connector |
fitting reducer |
| Place to assemble |
Indoor/out door(concrete construction building/steel
construction building). |
| Voltage |
220V/50HZ, 220V/60HZ, 380V/50HZ etc |
| Controller |
Automatic electric controller, PLC |
| Warranty |
1 Year |
| Case material |
The galvanized sheet is coated with plastic powdered painted |
| Quality Assurance |
2.6Mpa leak-proof stress test |
| Package |
Plywood box and pallet |
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